Common chronic conditions that affect travellers

Chronic conditions vary widely in severity, but many share similar challenges during travel:

Diabetes

• Time zone changes and irregular meal times can disrupt blood glucose control.
• Long flights may cause delays in insulin schedules.
• Travellers should carry glucose tablets, snacks, and all medications in their carry-on luggage.

Hypertension (high blood pressure)

• Air travel stress, dehydration, and missed medication can cause spikes in blood pressure.
• Staying hydrated and taking medication consistently is essential.

Asthma

• Cold, dry air in aircraft cabins or environmental triggers overseas (pollution, pollen, cold weather) may provoke attacks.
• Inhalers and nebulisers should be accessible at all times.

Heart disease

• Air travel increases cardiovascular strain due to cabin pressure and reduced oxygen levels.
• Anyone with recent cardiac events, angioplasty, or heart failure must get medical clearance before flying.

Dementia

• Travelling with a loved one with dementia can be challenging, especially in busy airports or unfamiliar locations.
• Noise, crowds, or overstimulation may increase confusion.

Other conditions

Arthritis, eczema, thyroid disorders, epilepsy, autoimmune conditions, kidney conditions, and more may require adjustments in medication or additional planning.

When Singapore travellers with chronic conditions should avoid flying

Airlines follow international medical clearance guidelines (IATA/MEDIF standards). You may need a doctor’s letter or may be advised not to fly temporarily if you have:

Recent heart attack or heart failure

Typically avoid flying for:

• 7–10 days after a mild heart attack
• 2–3 weeks after major cardiac events
• If shortness of breath occurs even at rest

Uncontrolled asthma

Avoid flying if:

• Recent severe asthma attack requiring hospitalisation
• Peak flow < 50% of personal best

Severe anaemia (Hb < 8 g/dL)

• Low oxygen levels pose a risk during air travel

Uncontrolled diabetes

• If you have repeated hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) or diabetic ketoacidosis in recent weeks

Infectious diseases

• If the condition poses risks to other passengers

When a MEDIF (Medical Information Form) is required

Some airlines (SQ, Qantas, Emirates) require this form if you:

• Need oxygen during flight
• Need a stretcher or wheelchair assistance
• Recently underwent surgery
• Have unstable medical conditions

Why standard travel insurance may not be enough

Most standard travel insurance policies in Singapore exclude pre-existing or chronic medical conditions.

This means:

• If a diabetic episode happens overseas → claim may be rejected
• If asthma flares unexpectedly → claim may be rejected
• If high blood pressure causes fainting → claim may be rejected
• If a heart condition worsens during a trip → evacuation may not be covered

Emergency medical benefits in basic plans usually apply only to new, unexpected illnesses, not to complications arising from an existing condition.

Without proper coverage, you could face high out-of-pocket costs for overseas hospitalisation, emergency evacuation, or trip disruption linked to medical issues. Medical bills in foreign countries can easily exceed thousands of dollars, and an emergency evacuation back to Singapore can cost even more.

What to look for in a travel insurance plan for pre-existing conditions

When applying for travel insurance, look for plans that cover pre-existing medical conditions, in case medical expenses are incurred due to the condition during your trip. While these plans cost more than regular travel insurance, they do provide coverage for medical expenses arising overseas or upon return to Singapore due to a pre-existing condition.

Most insurers state that a pre-existing condition must be stable, meaning the illness has not worsened or required hospitalisation in the past 6 – 12 months.

Key features to check when deciding on a travel insurance plan:

• Overseas medical and evacuation limits
• Hospital cash or companion benefits
• Trip cancellation or interruption coverage
• Ongoing medication coverage during hospitalisation

Travel insurance plans with pre-existing condition coverage:

Most insurers do not cover:

• Terminal conditions with life expectancy < 12 months
• Conditions not declared during purchase
• Conditions deemed unstable

Preparing to travel with a chronic condition

Preparation starts long before takeoff. Consult your doctor before departure to confirm that your condition is stable and obtain a summary of your medical history, including prescribed medications and dosages.

Pack your medication carefully, bring enough for the entire trip, plus extra for unexpected delays, and keep it in your carry-on luggage to avoid loss. Medications should be clearly labelled and accompanied by prescriptions or a doctor’s letter, especially if they include syringes or temperature-sensitive items.

Don’t forget to research the healthcare options available at your destination. Identify the nearest hospitals or clinics and save your insurer’s emergency hotline in your phone.

You should also keep records of all prescriptions, medical reports, and insurance details, both digitally and in print, for easy access in case you need medical care overseas.

If you or a family member falls sick overseas, contact your insurer immediately. Most insurers have 24-hour emergency hotlines. Check whether your plan requires pre-authorisation before seeking treatment, and always keep medical receipts and any related medical letters, as they will be needed for claims when you return to Singapore. Keep travel documents, such as your boarding passes and flight booking, too, as insurers want proof you were on a trip.

How insurance helps you travel confidently

Travel insurance with pre-existing condition coverage ensures that medical expenses from flare-ups are covered, protecting travellers from unexpected costs abroad.

Emergency evacuation benefits can be lifesaving if an urgent return to Singapore is required, while trip cancellation or delay coverage can help recover losses if a medical issue disrupts travel plans.

Beyond financial protection, the right plan provides peace of mind so you can enjoy your trip without worrying about medical risks.

Ultimately, travelling with a chronic condition doesn’t mean avoiding travel altogether. With proper preparation, consistent medication, and suitable insurance, Singaporeans can explore the world safely, confidently, and worry-free.